Effects of salinity on antioxidant system in four grape (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes

Salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts plants growth and production. Grapes are classified as moderately sensitive to salinity. The aim of this work was to investigate the salinity effects on lipid peroxidation level, antioxidant compounds and anti-oxidative enzymes activities and photosynthetic pigment contents in four grape genotypes that are commonly grown in the region around Urmia salt lake. Malondialdehyde content and protective enzymes activities in roots and leaves of four genotypes increased significantly (P < 0.05) under salinity. 'Chawga' showed lower and higher increases in malondialdehyde content and enzymes activities, respectively. Salinity had an obvious effect on the accumulation of total phenolics content and induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity in all genotypes. There were significant positive correlations (P < 0.01, r2= 0.838) between anti-oxidative enzyme activities, total phenolics content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in the leaves of all genotypes. Chlorophyll a, b contents in leaves of all genotypes were reduced and carotenoid content increased significantly (P < 0.05) under salinity. 'Chawga' showed a lower decrease in chlorophyll content and a higher increase in carotenoid content than others. It seems that 'Chawga' had a better antioxidant system compared to other genotypes and showed a higher capacity to tolerate salinity.

The relationship between five-factor model and diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder-fifth edition personality traits on patients with antisocial personality disorder

Background: Despite the fact that new criteria of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-fi fth edition (DSM-5) were resulted from fi ve-factor model (FFM), there is a small amount of studies that investigate the relations between proposed personality traits and FFM. Also, cross-cultural study in this fi eld continuously would be needed. Th e aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between the FFM and DSM-5 ASPD pathological traits. Materials and Methods: Th is study was a crosssectional study design. Th e participants consisted of 122 individuals with ASPD that selected from prisoners (73.0), outpatients (18.0), and inpatients (9.0). Th ey were recruited from Tehran Prisoners, and Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry Clinics of Razi and Taleghani Hospitals, Tehran, Iran, since 2013-2014. Th e Sample was selected based on judgmental sampling. Th e structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II disorders-Personality Questionnaire, NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised, and DSM-5 personality trait rating form were used to diagnosis and assessment of personality disorder. Pearson correlation has been used for data analysis. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 16 software. Results: Th e results indicate that neuroticism (N) has positive signifi cant relationship with hostility (r = 0.33, P < 0.01), manipulativeness (r = 0.25, P < 0.01), deceitfulness (r =.23, P < 0.01), impulsivity (r = 0.20, P < 0.05), and negative relation with risk taking (r = �0.23, P < 0.01). Also, there was signifi cant relationship between extraversion (E) with manipulativeness (r = 0.28, P < 0.01) and deceitfulness (r = 0.32, P < 0.01). Agreeableness and conscientiousness have negative signifi cant relation with DSM-5 traits. In addition, results showed that there is positive signifi cant relationship between FFM and DSM-5 personality traits with DSM-fourth edition-text revision (DSM-IV-TR) ASPD symptoms (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Except manipulativeness, deceitfulness, and callousness, there is positively signifi cant relationship between DSM-5 ASPD traits and DSM-IV-TR ASPD symptoms. Th e present study helps to understand the adequacy of dimensional approach to evaluation of ASPD pathology, specifi cally on Iranian sample. © 2015 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

The effect of ADC resolution on concurrent, multiband, direct RF sampling receivers

Connectivity using interband frequencies in 4G and 5G radio access networks, for example, carrier aggregation or dual-connectivity, incurs high receiver complexity and power consumption, in particular, when implemented using multiple radio units. Employing concurrent, multiband, direct RF sampling in a single radio chain architecture reduces the RF component count, leading to lower receiver complexity and power consumption. For this architecture, as the composite signal from multiple concurrent bands is digitized by a common analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the bit resolution critically affects system performance. In this paper, the effect of ADC resolution on the error vector magnitude (EVM) and Block Error Rate (BLER) performance of a concurrent, multiband, direct RF sampling receiver is investigated. Simulation and hardware measurement of a tri-band Long Term Evolution (LTE) system supporting three simultaneously active channels at 888 MHz, 1.92 GHz and 2.52 GHz is evaluated when reducing the ADC resolution from 8 to 3 bits. Interband interference measurements demonstrate that the multiband, direct RF sampling, wideband LTE receiver remains 3GPP compliant at 4-bit ADC resolution with the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) desensitization over a single-band receiver limited to 9 dB in the 888 MHz band

Turbo-Suppression d'interférences dans un système à étalement de spectre utilisant le codage Spatio-Temporel

: On propose dans cet article l'utilisation de codage spatio-temporel pour accroître la capacité d'un système à étalement de spectre et pour aider à la suppression des interférences d'accès multiple (IAM). On étude les performances d'un récepteur multiutilisateurs utilisant des antennes multiples en émission et en réception. On considère ici un système haut débit donc utilisant de faibles facteurs d'étalement conjointement avec une modulation de phase à huit états (MDP-8). Ce genre de système est sujet à des niveaux d' interférences élevés et le but de cet article est de montrer que l'utilisation d'antennes multiples combiné avec l'emploi d'un codage spatio-temporel permet d'obtenir d'excellentes performances et un gain de capacité important même en présence de canaux à évanouissements corrélés et d'effets Doppler élevés. Les codes spatio-temporels employés sont de type STBC (Space-Time Block Code). Une méthode originale pour l'estimation des paramètres de canal sera également présentée

Two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism in Iranian general and clinical samples

Background: Studies in Western cultures have shown that perfectionism is conceptualized by two-factor higher-order model including perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. However, little is known about the construct of perfectionism in Eastern societies. Thus, we examined the two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism in Iranian general and clinical samples. Methods: We recruited a general population sample (n = 384) and patients with major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and eating disorders (n = 152) from Tehran, Iran from September 2016 to December 2017. They completed the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire, Perfectionism Inventory, and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21. Results: The two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism showed adequate fit with data for females from the general population and clinical sample. Data for males were only available from the general population, and the model showed adequate fit with the data first after removing the Rumination scale of the perfectionistic concerns. The perfectionistic strivings dimension showed no or negative association with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, but perfectionistic concerns dimension showed positive correlation with these indices in all samples for both males and females. Conclusions: The results support the two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism in samples of Iranian females from the general population and clinical sample. However, the results were different for males from the general population. In other words, the modified two-factor higher-order model showed acceptable fit with the data for males from the general population only after removing the Rumination scale from perfectionistic concerns. These differences among males and females were discussed. © 2021, The Author(s)

Single-cell delineation of lineage and genetic identity in the mouse brain

During neurogenesis, mitotic progenitor cells lining the ventricles ofthe embryonic mouse brain undergo their final rounds of cell division, giving rise to a wide spectrum of postmitotic neurons and glia(1,2). The link between developmental lineage and cell-type diversity remains an open question. Here we used massively parallel tagging of progenitors to track clonal relationships and transcriptomic signatures during mouse forebrain development. We quantified clonal divergence and convergence across all major cell classes postnatally, and found diverse types of GABAergic neuron that share a common lineage. Divergence of GABAergic clones occurred during embryogenesis upon cell-cycle exit, suggesting that differentiation into subtypes is initiated as a lineage-dependent process at the progenitor cell level

Prevalence of Cannabis Lifetime Use in Iranian High School and College Students: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analyses,and Meta-Regression

Cannabis is the most widely used substance in the world. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cannabis lifetime use (CLU) in high school and college students of Iran and also to determine factors related to changes in prevalence. A systematic review of literature on cannabis use in Iran was conducted according to MOOSE guideline. Domestic scientific databases, PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar, relevant reference lists, and relevant journals were searched up to April, 2014. Prevalences were calculated using the variance stabilizing double arcsine transformation and confidence intervals (CIs) estimated using the Wilson method. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran's Q statistic and I-2 index and causes of heterogeneity were evaluated using meta-regression model. In electronic database search, 4,000 citations were retrieved, producing a total of 33 studies. CLU was reported with a random effects pooled prevalence of 4.0 (95 CI = 3.0 to 5.0). In subgroups of high school and college students, prevalences were 5.0 (95 CI = 3.0 to -7.0) and 2.0 (95 CI = 2.0 to -3.0), respectively. Meta-regression model indicated that prevalence is higher in college students (beta = 0.089, p < .001), male gender (beta = 0.017, p < .001), and is lower in studies with sampling versus census studies (beta = -0.096, p < .001). This study reported that prevalence of CLU in Iranian students are lower than industrialized countries. In addition, gender, level of education, and methods of sampling are highly associated with changes in the prevalence of CLU across provinces

Study on ecological capacity of the release sites of the fingerlings of sturgeon and bony fishes in order to regulate the restocking program at the Gorganrud River

This review is started from April 2002 in Gorgan River and continued for one year. Three sampling stations along the river to the mouth of the estuary were 4000 meters away from the bridge to the village Charqly all samples were collected in this area. Four million sturgeon larvae with average weight of 3/2 grams were obtained from martyr Marjani and Vushmgir Dam farms. Over 40 days released at release stations, and 316 million bony fish fingerlings are being release that 282 million were whitefish, 25 million carp and 9 million bream from Vushmgir Dam and Syjval Bream Center within two months at the release stations in Gorgan River. At sampling stations, especially estuaries to determine the shelf life of fry in the river and to determining migration into the river as well as physical - chemical and assess the frequency and biomass of feeding materials (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthos) at the sampling stations in Gorgan River were studied. The entire estuary to the sea makes itself. Maximum migration happened at sunset. Average Debbi for 20-year was at the rate of 14.95 cubic meters per second. In 2002, the annual average was 20.8 cubic meters per second, respectively. Evaluation of abundance and biomass of feeding materials (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthos) indicates the status of the average biomass of phytoplankton in the river at the release station was 23/75 mg per liter that was highest in September and was lowest in December. Mean primary production based on a 145 mg chlorophyll cubic meters. 6 orders of benthic invertebrates were observed. Benthic including 9 families and 11 genera have been identified including groups of insects, worms, low-tar and Polychaetes, crustaceans, bivalve and gastropod. But at the release station (S2) the highest levels of benthic biomass (18/18 grams per square meter) degree of diversity of benthic organisms (12) species have largely been seen as a maximum in April and minimum in December. Also zooplankton condition, zooplankton total of 27 genera belonging to five categories, Rotatoria, Kladvsra, Coupe Pvda, Balanvs, and protozoa were identified. In general, in September zooplankton has the greatest diversity and abundance and in September and March, the lowest number is observed